34. Metternich,Aus Metternich’s nachgelassenen Papieren, 1:33, 8:184.
35. Algernon Cecil,Metternich, 1773–1859 (London: Eyre and Spottiswood, 1947), 52.
36. Metternich,Aus Metternich’s nachgelassenen Papieren, 1:334.
37.Briefwechsel des Generals Leopold von Gerlach mit dem Bundestags-Gesandten Otto von Bismarck(Berlin, 1893), 334.
38. Ibid. (February 20, 1854), 130.
39. Horst Kohl,Die politischen Reden des Fursten Bismarck (Stuttgart, 1892), 264.
40. Bismarck,Die gesammelten Werke (November 14, 1833), vol. 14,nos. 1, 3.
41. Ibid. (September 29, 1851), 1:62.
42. Speech of February 9, 1871, in Hansard,Parliamentary Debates,ser. 3, vol. 204 (February–March 1871), 82.
43. 与此形成鲜明对照的是，为普鲁士赢得统一德国的战争的战略家老毛奇当时曾计划在两条战线上采取守势。
44. For stimulating accounts of these developments, see Christopher Clark,The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914 (New York: HarperCollins, 2013) and Margaret MacMillan,The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914 (New York: Random House, 2013).
45. See John Maynard Keynes,The Economic Consequences of the Peace (New York: Macmillan, 1920), 插pter 5.
46. See 插pters 6 and 7.
第三章 伊斯兰主义和中东：世界乱局
1. Adda B. Bozeman, “Iran: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Tradition of Persian Statecraft,”Orbis 23, no. 2 (Summer 1979): 397.
2. See Hugh Kennedy,The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam 插nged the World We Live In(London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson,2007), 34–40.
3. Kennedy,Great Arab Conquests, 113.
4. See generally Marshall G. S. Hodgson,The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization, vol. 1,The Classical Age of Islam (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974).
5. Majid Khadduri,The Islamic Law of Nations: Shaybani’s Siyar (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966), 13.
6. Majid Khadduri,War and Peace in the Law of Islam (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955), 56. See also Kennedy,Great Arab Conquests,48–51; Bernard Lewis,The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2,000 Years (New York: Touchstone