44. Woodrow Wilson, Message to Congress, April 2, 1917, inU.S. Presidents and Foreign Policy from 1789 to the Present, ed. Carl C. Hodge and Cathal J. Nolan (Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, 2007), 396.
45. “Peace Without Victory,” January 22, 1917, in supplement toAmerican Journal of International Law 11 (1917): 323.
46. Wilson, Message to Congress, April 2, 1917, inPresident Wilson’s Great Speeches, and Other History, Making Documents (Chicago: Stanton and Van Vliet, 1917), 17–18.
47. Woodrow Wilson, Fifth Annual Message, December 4, 1917, inUnited States Congressional Serial Set 7443 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1917), 41.
48. Woodrow Wilson, “An Address at Mount Vernon,” July 4, 1918, in Link,Papers, 48:516.
49. Wilson, Message to Congress, April 2, 1917,President Wilson’s Great Speeches, 18.
50. Wilson, Fifth Annual Message, December 4, 1917, in The Foreign Policy of President Woodrow Wilson: Messages, Addresses and Papers,ed. James Brown Scott (New York: Oxford University Press, 1918), 306.
51. Ibid. See also Berg, Wilson, 472–73.
52. Woodrow Wilson, Remarks at Suresnes Cemetery on Memorial Day, May 30, 1919, in Link,Papers, 59:608–9.
53. Lloyd George, Wilson memorandum, March 25, 1919, in Ray Stannard Baker, ed.,Woodrow Wilson and World Settlement (New York: Doubleday, Page, 1922), 2:450. For a conference participant’s account of the sometimes less than idealistic process by which the new national borders were drawn, see Harold Nicolson,Peacemaking, 1919 (1933; London: Faber & Faber, 2009). For a contemporary analysis, see Margaret MacMillan,Paris 1919: Six Months That 插nged the World(New York: Random House, 2002).
54. Address, January 22, 1917, in Link,Papers, 40:536–37.
55. Wilson, Message to Congress, April 2, 1917,President Wilson’s Great Speeches, 18.
56. Wilson, Address to a Joint Session of Congress on the Conditions of Peace (January 8, 1918) (“Fourteen Points”), inPresident Wilson’s Great Speeches, 18. See also Berg, Wil